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The Medical Rationale for Prolotherapy
Millions of Prolotherapy injections are given each year. But does it work? Numerous articles have been published, (some of the more important ones are listed below) to determine just that. Is Prolotherapy a placebo? According to the published research, Prolotherapy is not a placebo, Prolotherapy stimulates healing.

Scientific and medical papers
Banks, AR. A Rationale for Prolotherapy, J Orthopedic Medicine, 1991;13:55-59.

Hackett GS, Henderson DG. Joint stabilization: An experimental, histologic study with comments on the clinical application in ligament proliferation. Amer J Surg 1955;89:968-973.

Hackett GS. Referred pain and sciatica in diagnosis of low back disabilities, JAMA 1957;63:183-185.

Hauser RA. Punishing the pain. Treating chronic pain with Prolotherapy. Rehab Manag. 1999;12(2):26-28, 30.

Klein R, Dorman T, Johnson C. Proliferant injections for low back pain: histologic changes of injected ligaments and objective measurements of lumbar spinal mobility before and after treatment. J Neurologic and Orthopedic Medicine and Surgery. 1989;10:123-126.

Klein R, Eek B, DeLong B, Mooney V. A randomized double-blind trial of dextrose-glycerine-phenol injections for chronic, low back pain. J Spinal Disord. 1993;6:23-33.

Klein R, Eek B. Prolotherapy: an alternative approach to managing low back pain. J Musculoskeletal Medicine, 1997;May:45-49.

Liu Y, Tipton C, Matthes R, Bedford T, Maynard J, Walmer H. An in situ study of the influence of a sclerosing solution in rabbit medial collateral ligaments and its junction strength. Connect Tissue Res. 1983;11:95-102.

Maynard J, Pedrini V, Pedrini-Mille A, Romanus B, Ohlerking F. Morphological and biochemical effects of sodium morrhuate on tendons. Journal of Orthopedic Research. 1985;3:236-248.

Myers A. Prolotherapy: Treatment of Low Back Pain and Sciatica. The Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases, April 1961, Vol. 22 No. 1. Initially presented at the 1960 Annual Alumni Meeting Hospital for Joint Diseases.

Ongley M, Dorman T, et al. Ligament instability of knees: a new approach to treatment. Manual Medicine 1988;3:152- 154.

Ongley M, Klein R, Dorman T, Eek B, Hubert L. A new approach to the treatment of chronic low back pain. Lancet 1987;2:143-146.

Reeves KD, Hassanein K. Randomized prospective placebo-controlled double-blind study of prolotherapy for osteoarthritic thumb and finger (DIP, PIP, and trapeziometacarpal) Joints: Evidence of Clinical Efficacy. Altern Complement Med 2000 Aug;6(4):311-20.

Reeves KD, Hassanein K. Randomized prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study of dextrose prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis with or without ACL laxity. Altern Ther Health Med 2000 Mar;6(2):68-74, 77-80.

Schwartz R. Prolotherapy: A literature review and retrospective study. Journal of Neurology, Orthopedic Medicine, and Surgery. 1991;12:220-223.

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Prolotherapy

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Patient's stories herein, and the language used, is intended to inform and educate. HOWEVER, it does not imply that you or anyone else will receive the same outcome.

Prolotherapy and other modalities mentioned are medical techniques that may not be considered mainstream. As with any medical procedure, results will vary among individuals, and there could be pain or substantial risks involved. These concerns should be discussed with your health care provider prior to any treatment so that you have proper informed consent and understand that there are no guarantees to healing.

Neither Dr. Darrow, nor any associate of Joint Rehab offer medical advice on this website. This information is offered for educational purposes only. Do not act or rely upon our information without seeking independent professional medical advice. The transmission of this information does not create a physician-patient relationship between you and Dr. Darrow or any associate of Joint Rehab. Neither Dr. Darrow, nor any associate of Joint Rehab guarantees the accuracy, completeness, usefulness, or adequacy of any resources, information, apparatus, product, or process available at or from this transmission. The photos in this Web site feature models for illustrative purposes and do not depict real patients.

JOINT REHABILITATION & SPORTS MEDICAL CENTER, INC IS HIPAA COMPLIANT. HIPPA IS SHORT FOR THE HEALTH INSURANCE PORTABILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT. HIPAA PROTECTS PATIENTS' PRIVACY & PERSONAL HEALTHCARE INFORMATION.